This Video from the... Ken Aston Referee Society -
 Channel
When referees decide on the length of time to add on at the end
of each half they have to consider the following criteria that
is laid down in the Laws of the Game.
Allowance is made in either period for all time lost through:
- Substitutions
- Assessment of injury to players
- Removal of injured players from the field of play for treatment
- Wasting time
- Any other cause
"The allowance of time lost is at the discretion of the Referee.
The Referee is therefore responsible for the amount of time
added on.
"This does not mean he can take the Law into his own hands. He
does not have total freedom to cut short a period of play
because of the temperature of the game or if, towards full time,
there was more than one goal difference; or if there had been a
lengthy injury, he wanted to catch an earlier flight and so did
not make the full allowance in time.
"Also, the Referee should not add more time for a corner kick to
be taken, or for a free kick to be taken, although the Law does
give him discretion to do so for free kicks as the defending
team had committed an offence.
"You may say does it matter, particularly when you take the
scores into consideration? But goal difference can play a vital
part in league places at the end of the season. One goal
difference could mean winning the supporters shield or making
the Playoffs.
"Referees have to be calculated in their approach - the Referee
has no right to consider the score of the game or any other
external factor. Yes, time is down to his discretion, however he
has a responsibility to the game, the clubs and the fans to
ensure that the criteria, clearly laid down in the Laws of the
Game, are adhered to. It only takes a second to score a goal,
therefore every second counts." |
 |
Periods
of Play |
The aim of this page is to understand all
the aspects of timekeeping during a match.
1. Periods of Play
A match must last of two equal periods of 45 minutes, unless otherwise
mutually agreed between the Referee and the two participating teams. Any
agreement to alter the periods of play must be made before the start of
play and must comply with competition rules. The Referee should aim to
commence the match promptly and on time.
Before the commencement of evening games where no floodlights are
present, the Referee will need to make a judgment as to the length of
time to be played each half (for example to reduce each half to 40
minutes because of insufficient light). Any change to the time must be
made with agreement of both teams.
Before limiting the duration of a match, the Referee should consider
such factors as the lateness of the kick-off, the time of year, and any
dark cloud cover, which can have a drastic effect on the amount of light
during early evening matches. Once duration has been agreed, do not
lengthen any periods because the weather just happens to clear up.
If it has been decided that the match will be less than 90 minutes, then
each half must be equal in time. Playing less than 90 minutes may also
be subject to Competition Rules, so the Referee will need to be
conversant with the local Competition Rules before arriving at the
ground - Rules normally mention the minimum time allowed. (e.g. minimum
of 80 minutes in total allowed)
The Referee is the sole arbitrator in all aspects concerning time during
a match - he also acts as the timekeeper.
"THE REFEREE IS THE SOLE JUDGE OF TIME"
After the end of a game, if a Referee suddenly realizes that he has not
played out the prescribed time, he will need to use common sense as to
whether or not the teams should return to the field of play to finish
off the remaining time. If a Referee plays over the prescribed time,
then this must be reported to the appropriate League Secretary, giving
as much detail concerning the scores etc. In this case, the Referee does
not decide the outcome of a game.
The Referee must report late starts. But if a late start is due to a
genuine reason, and the match is eventually played without too much
delay and without any problems because of the delay - use your common
sense as to whether or not you report the late start or not (or
emphasize any genuine reason in your report).
The time (game) starts when the ball is in play (touched and moves
forward) at the first kick-off.
The Assistant Referee can signal to the Referee when full time has been
completed.
Modifications to the duration of periods of play stipulated in the Laws
of Associated Football (LOAF) may be modified for matches concerning
players under 16 years of age, for women footballers and for veteran
footballers (over 35 years of age) and for players with disabilities.
- is allowed
for a penalty kick to be taken at the end of each half or at the end of
any periods of extra time. As soon as a goal has been scored in
"additional" time, the half is over. This period is sometimes referred
to as "extended time" or "added-on time".
- is
the time aggregated on at the end of each period of play to compensate
for time wasted or lost because of injuries, substitutions, time-wasting
etc - this allowance for time is at the discretion of the Referee and
must be included the end of each separate half concerned - and not
totaled up to be aggregated on at the end of the second half only. (More
details below).
- is used to
decide the winner of a drawn game (e.g. Score 2-2), by providing further
periods of play (usually two periods of 15 minutes) after the game (90
minutes of play) has been completed. Extra time is used extensively in
Cup Competitions to decide a winner on the day, rather than have a
replay. (More details below).
and - taking
kicks from the penalty mark are methods of determining the winning team
where competition rules require there to be a winning team after a match
has been drawn.
The Golden Goal
Procedure
- During the period of extra time played at the end of normal playing
time, the team which scores the first goal is declared the winner
- If no goals are scored the match is decided by kicks from the penalty
mark
2. Half-Time Interval
Players are entitled to an interval at half time. If during a half-time
interval, 21 players agree to commence the second half without taking a
break, but one player says that he wants to have a break, the Referee
must respect that player's wish and allow an appropriate half-time
interval. If both teams are in total agreement about not having a
half-time interval, and the Referee is happy with this, then re-start
the second half without taking the half-time interval. This can
sometimes occur if the weather is very unpleasantly cold, and the teams
wish to finish the match as soon as possible - or when there is no place
to shelter from the rain.
The half-time interval must not exceed 15 minutes, but may be less
(darkening sky etc.) if mutually agreed by both teams and with the
consent of the Referee.
Local Competition rules usually state the maximum duration of the
half-time interval.
The duration of the half-time interval may be altered only with the
consent of the Referee.
3. Allowances for Time Lost
Allowance is made in either period
for all time lost through:
- Substitution(s) entering and leaving the field of play. Try and hurry
along any reluctant substitutions.
- Assessment of injury to players. Err on the side of caution before
making a judgment as to the severity of an injury. Aggregating time on
at the end of a half is far more sensible than making a mistaken
judgment that could result in permanent injury of a player.
- Removal of injured players from the field of play for treatment. If an
injured player is near the touchline and is not seriously injured, ask
them to move (or be moved) out off the field of play to receive
treatment. This will allow the game to proceed with minimal time lost.
- Wasting time. Do not hesitate to caution any player who is blatantly
trying to waste time for whatever reason - including feigning injury.
- Any other cause - such as crowd or spectator trouble, having to
discipline officials, treatment for match officials, broken corner
flags, a dog on the pitch etc....... You may also need to consider
stopping a game temporarily due to adverse weather conditions such as
thunder and lightning or a sudden hailstorm. If this occurs, then the
Referee must ensure that the full time is eventually played when the
players return to the field of play.
The 'Allowance for time lost' is at the discretion of the Referee and
must be aggregated to the end of each half concerned. It is sometimes a
good idea to show players that you are noting any lost time by rising up
your wrist and holding or pointing to your watch. This sometimes has the
desired effect on potential time-wasters, and at the very least will
pacify the losing team players when a winning team is blatantly time
wasting towards the end of a match.
The allowance aggregated on at the end of each half for any time lost in
the match is at the discretion of the Referee. There are other reasons
to aggregating on time, other that those listed in Law 7 - such as
delays in taking kick-offs, throw-ins, dropped balls, goal kicks,
corners, penalties, free kicks, and replacement of lost or defective
balls. Time should not necessarily be aggregated on for these normal
elements of the game. The main aim of time allowance is to restore
playing time to the match that was lost due to excessively prolonged or
unusual stoppages, or to compensate for any blatant time wasting.
Players will inevitably keep asking you (the Referee) for the 'time
left' as a half nears its completion, be prepared to give players the
information, but not at the expense of loosing your concentration on the
game. Wait until it is safe to look at your watch before giving players
this information. Do not attempt to supply 'time left' information to
players during the flow of the game - it is so easy for a Referee to
miss an incident by just looking at the watch for just a split second.
Only the Referee really knows what time remains during a match: The only
official clock is the stopwatch used by the Referee. The Referee is not
obliged to inform teams (or anyone else) how much time remains during a
match. Any publicly visible clocks can only show official time elapsed,
and not the official time remaining, because only the Referee has the
discretionary power to add time to compensate for time lost through
delays.
Interesting Point concerning recording time
in America - Aug 2002:
The American National Federation of State High School Associations
[NFHS] provides rules for various competitive activities in schools for
children aged 14 through 18. For many years, soccer at the high
school (HS) level was played on American football pitches (identical to
NFL fields) with the soccer field overlaid with yellow stripes. Because
of football rules, there was always a stadium scoreboard available with
a clock. Therefore, NFHS rules call for the time to be kept by a
timekeeper provided by the home team. This is consistent with basketball
and American football practice. (Note: for those few teams who have
access to a separate, pure soccer pitch and no stadium clock, the time
is kept on the field by the Referee, as in FIFA.) The referee signaling
the timekeeper who stops the clock handles times lost after goals or for
injury. An unintended consequence of the stadium clock arrangement is
that is a great bother and distraction for the referee to stop the clock
for niggling delays.
The Referee must be meticulous in his time keeping.
Keep
one running continuously, and stop and start the other watch to allow
for lost time. It is surprising how often a Referee forgets to restart
his watch after stopping it to allow time for a player to be treated for
an injury. Having a second watch, and noting the time of kick-of allows
the Referee the option of completing the match within the proper
timescales. It can be very disconcerting if you forget to restart your
watch during a game - and suddenly realize that your watch is your only
one available!!! Make a note of the time of kick-off in your Referee's
notebook at the beginning of each half of play.
The Referee does not have the power to change any time rules if
stipulated in Competition Rules.
The match is only over when the Referee says so. The Referee does not
need to consult anyone else about how much time he should allow for
stoppages accrued during the match - not even the Assistant Referees if
doesn't want to!.
No one but the Referee knows exactly when time will run out and when he
intends to end the game.
4. Penalty Kick
Additional Time
It is possible to award a penalty just before the end of a half. The
Referee must then extend time to allow for the penalty kick to be taken
or re-taken. This extended is officially known as 'Additional time'.
(This must not be confused with 'Allowance for time lost' which covers
time aggregated onto the end of a half because of time lost during the
game.)
If a penalty kick has to be taken or retaken at the end of a half, the
duration of the half is extended until the penalty kick is completed.
i.e. the half is not finished until the penalty has been completed.
The Laws of the Game still apply during periods of 'Allowance for time
lost' and 'Additional time'. Misconduct during these periods are treated
'as if' the misconduct had occurred during normal time.
5. Extra Time
To decide a winner, if a match is drawn at the end of full time, some
Competition rules may provide for two further equal periods of time to
be played. The conditions of Law 8 (Start and Restart of Play) will
apply (e.g. a coin must be tossed to decide which goal each team will
attack). Most Cup Competitions allow for extra-time, in the event of a
drawn match. This is normally 15 minutes each way - but always check the
competition rules beforehand.
Some competitions stipulate that if a match is still drawn after Extra
Time has been played, the result will be decided by the taking of kicks
from the penalty mark.
The Golden Goal is another method of deciding a match - where during the
periods of extra time played at the end of normal playing time, the team
which scores the first goal is declared the winner.
The duration of the following
intervals, are at the Referee's discretion:
- Between Full Time and Extra Time,
- Between each period of extra time,
- Prior to the taking of penalty kicks from the penalty mark to decide
the outcome of a match.
Whilst the periods above are taking place, the players are still under
the jurisdiction of the Referee (e.g. a replacement player is not
allowed if any player is sent-off within one of these periods.)
6. Abandoned Match
An abandoned match is replayed unless the competition rules provide
otherwise. The Referee does not decide the outcome of any abandoned
match - including any match abandoned due to bad weather. The Referee
must report an abandoned match to the appropriate authorities. It is the
appropriate authorities who decide what to do about an abandoned match -
and not the Referee. The appropriate authority is usually the Fixture
Secretary of the League or Competition concerned.
If a Referee has to prematurely terminate a match for any reason (for
example -a blizzard, persistent thunderstorms, waterlogged pitch,
excessive spectator interference, fighting between players etc.), the
match is considered to be abandoned and the score is nullified unless
the competition rules for that particular match provide that the score
at the time of stoppage stands. Otherwise, a game ended prematurely by
the Referee, is normally replayed in its entirety, irrespective of what
the score was or the cause of its abandonment.
The Referee may temporarily suspend a game instead of terminating it.
This may be done to allow a passing storm to clear away. In such
circumstances, it is not necessary to abandon the game, unless the
stoppage time exceeds an inappropriate amount of time making it
impractical to restart.
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Questions and Answers:
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interpretations of the Laws of the Game. Although the content of the
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the opinion of the Webmaster and other Referees worldwide. If you need
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sites for the Laws themselves.
Questions and Answers
Question 1: The start of an
evening match was delayed for 20 minutes. The Referee played a full 45
minutes in the first half. During the half time interval, the light
begins to fade fast and the Referee said that he would only play 35
minutes in the second half - is he allowed to do this?
Answer 1: No. Law 7 clearly
stipulates that each half must be of equal periods of time. Any changes
to the length of these equal periods must be made before the start of
play, and must be mutually agreed between the Referee and both teams.
Most competition rules also stipulate the minimum time allowed for each
half. For example, some competition rules allow for matches to be last a
minimum of 80 minutes. In this instance, because the Referee had played
a full 45 minutes in the first half, the second half must be of the same
duration (45 minutes). If the fading light does not allow for 45
minutes' time to be played, then the Referee must abandon the game due
to fading light, and report the circumstances to the appropriate
authority.
Question 2: If the Referee
has to abandon a match due to insufficient light, bad weather or any
another cause, can he decide the result of the match?
Answer 2: NO. The Referee
cannot decide the result of an abandoned match. The Referee should
report the circumstances to the league authorities - they are
responsible for investigating abandoned matches, and deciding whether
the result stands, or if a replay is necessary.
Question 3: In the last
seconds of a game, an attacker was awarded a penalty. Just as the
attacker was running up to take the penalty, the Referee blew his
whistle for full time. Is this correct?
Answer 3: No. 'Additional time'
is allowed at the end of each half for a penalty kick to be taken. The
Referee was wrong to blow for full time. He should not end the game
until the penalty kick has been completed.
If this was a free-kick (instead of a penalty), and if the free kick is
delayed, the Referee may end the game before the free kick has taken
place.
Misconduct during periods of 'Additional time' is treated as if the
misconduct had occurred during normal match time.
Question 4: What constitutes
time wasting, when the Referee adds discretionary time (Allowance for
time lost) onto the end of each half period?
Answer 4: Illegal and
gamesmanship type time wasting (where time can be aggregated on at the
end of each half) can include:
- a. Deliberately kicking the ball out of touch with great force,
requiring lengthy retrieval of the only readily available match ball.
- b. Goalkeepers taking too long when completing goal kicks.
- c. Throwers deliberately passing the ball to colleagues with the sole
aim of wasting a few precious seconds.
- d. Players who are just about to take a free kick, decide that it is
time to retie their bootlaces.
- e. Players deliberately walking slowly to retrieve the ball when it
has left the field of play.
- f. Substitutes deliberately walking slowly off the field of play -
normally by the longest route.
- g. Players feigning injury and seeking treatment for non-existent
injuries.
- h. Players kicking the ball away after play has been stopped for an
infringement.
- i. Players taking too long over free kicks, corners or any other
restarts of play.
Legitimate forms of time lost
during active play
(where time lost is not aggregated on at the end of
each half) are shown below:
- a. Players shielding the ball near the corner arc with their body,
retaining the ball within their possession, and making no attempt to
advance the ball from such position. I hate players doing this - it is
against the spirit of the game. I see it as a type time wasting against
the 'spirit of the game' that always leads to confrontation. At the very
least you could award an indirect free kick for obstruction - but only
if the player is not playing the ball and it is not within playing
distance.
- b. Keeping possession of the ball by legitimately passing to
colleagues - with no attempt to score a goal or attack the opposition.
- c. The goalkeeper deliberately keeping possession of the ball at his
feet without picking it up.
'Allowance for time lost' during active play is not necessarily
aggregated on at the end of each half for time lost for normal
kick-offs, throw-ins, dropped balls, free kicks, and replacement of lost
or defective balls. These are entirely normal elements of the game, and
'Allowance for time lost' should only be aggregated on if there are
undue long delays in any normal restarts of play.
Some television sporting programs measure the amount of time the ball is
in actual play during the 90 minutes of a game, and it can vary from 40
to 60 minutes, sometimes considerably less. A great deal of accepted
time is lost when restarting play - but the whole of this time is not
aggregated onto the end of each half - time to allow normal restarts is
an accepted part of the game of football. Can you imagine the Referee
signaling to the Fourth Official, that 20 extra minutes will be played
at the end of the second half! Notwithstanding this - there is general
concern that not enough time is applied by Referees onto the end of each
half to compensate for lost time.
Question 5: If a team is
losing 24-0 and is being humiliated by the opposition, can the Referee
stop the game before full time has elapsed?
Answer 5: No. The game time
must be fully played out in its entirety. The only leeway that the
Referee has, is to limit any 'Allowance for time lost’ aggregated on at
the end of each half. The Referee does not have the authority to shorten
a game because of a one-sided score. It is very important in these
situations, that the winning team does not taunt the losing team in any
way. Players who are guilty of taunting weaker opponents should be
cautioned for unsporting behavior. There is nothing worse than being
humiliated by some 'big headed' fools.
Question 6: Is there any way
in which the manager or coach can productively probe the Referee's
thinking about the extent of any 'Allowance for time lost' to be added
at the end of each half?
Answer 6: Most high-level games
now require the Referee to indicate to the Fourth Official, the amount
of aggregated time to be included at the end of a half. This information
is then shown with electronic or manual time boards that show the number
of extra minutes of time lost to be played out.
Of course, for the rest of us, we do not have such luxuries. Managers
and coaches can sometimes get good information simply by asking the
Referee - but this should be done during a break in play and not when
the Referee is fully concentrating on the game action. The last thing
managers and coaches should do is to inadvertently irritate the Referee.
The Referee is not obliged to inform anyone (apart from the Fourth
Official in top level games) about the time remaining in a game.
Question 7: Exactly what does
a “Golden Goal” mean?
Answer 7: A 'Golden Goal' is
another method of determining the winner of a drawn match. Instead of
playing out a full 15 minutes each way of extra time, the first team
that scores a goal in extra time is the winner, and this is why it is
described as a 'golden goal'.
For example, if teams have drawn after a full 90 minutes of play and
then go on to play two 15 minute extra time periods, and then one team
score (a Golden Goal!) in the first minute of the first period of extra
time, the game is over, and the scoring team are the winners - even
though there are still 29 minutes extra time left to be played.
Competition rules dictate the method to be used in deciding a drawn
match.
Question 8: Can a Referee
allow additional time for a corner to be taken at the end of a half?
Answer 8: No. The only time
that a Referee can consider 'Additional time' at the end of a half is
for the taking of a penalty kick. If a player taking a corner kick
delays the kick for whatever reason, and time runs out, the Referee can
blow for the end of the half. The same goes for any other restart of
play situation, including a goal kick, throw-in or free kick. However,
in reality if a free kick occurs close enough to the opponent's goal and
constitutes a reasonable goal scoring opportunity for the team, many
Referees may use their discretion and allow enough time for at least the
kick itself to be taken, and perhaps a brief follow-up attack. Most
Referees try to end the game at a time when neither team has a clear
scoring opportunity so that the team doesn't feel cheated - although
this is not mentioned within the Laws, it is a method accepted and used
by many Referees. Fortunately, most soccer Referees are fair timekeepers
and exercise proper discretion.
Question 9: Is the Referee
allowed to discreetly turn his watch on and off whenever the ball rolls
out of the field of play, and whenever a player is injured or during
substitutions?
Answer 9: Many Referees use
this method for determining exactly how much 'Allowance for time lost'
should be aggregated on at the end of a half. Some Referees seem to
calculate the 'aggregated time lost' in their head, without having to
start and stop their watch. Whatever method a Referee uses, he is the
sole arbiter in all matters pertaining to time during a match. The main
objective is to restore playing time to the match that is lost due to
excessively prolonged or unusual stoppages.
Question 10: During a junior
youth match of 35 minutes each-way, the Referee mistakenly blew for the
end of the first half after only 30 minutes. Should he now play 40
minutes in the second half?
Answer 10: If the Referee ends
play early, then the teams must be called back into the field of play
and the remaining time played as soon as the error is detected. The
half-time interval is not considered to have begun properly until the
first period of play is properly ended. The Referee should ask the teams
to play out the missing five minutes of the first half rather than play
a lengthened second half. The Laws stipulate that each half must be the
same duration. If play has already restarted in the second half, before
the Referee recognizes his mistake, then the second half should also be
30 minutes (and not 40 minutes) - but this must be reported to the
appropriate authorities to allow them to make any adjusting decisions.
Question 11: A player shoots
towards goal, but the Referee blows for full time before the ball has
wholly crossed over the goal line for a goal. Does the goal count?
Answer 11: The ball is out of
play the moment the Referee signals that time has expired (except for
'Additional time' added on to allow a penalty to be taken). It does not
matter that the ball was on its way towards an inevitable (or possible)
goal. When the Referee blew his final whistle to end the game, the ball
had not yet traveled across the goal line for a goal. In reality, this
rarely happens, because Referees (especially the good ones) rarely blow
the final whistle while an imminent scoring opportunity is underway.
They can always find justification in some earlier delays to add on
discretionary time to allow the move to complete. The reason for this is
to prevent any disputes (like the incident in this question) that will
inevitably arise if the Referee blows his whistle whilst the ball is on
its way towards the goal. There have been many famous disputes in the
past, where Referees have disallowed very important goals because they
have blown their whistle a milli-second before the ball has entered the
net. Referees have learned by their historical mistakes, and rarely will
you see the half end when the ball is anywhere near either goal. If a
goal is scored right at the end of a half, Referees will wait until
after the ensuing kick-off and at least a couple of more seconds before
blowing the final whistle ending the half. Only the Referee knows how
much lost time he is aggregating on at the end of the each half, so they
can feel confident in allowing a little bit of time and common sense to
prevail. Players also seem to respect this common sense agreement. It
certainly prevents some of the worst situations arising in the Referees'
lot!
Question 12: A goalkeeper
running back towards his goal, manages to thump the ball away for a
throw in, thus preventing a certain goal. His action and momentum take
him some way over his goal line and out of the field of play. An
attacker exploits the situation and quickly takes the throw-in to a
colleague who shoots and scores a goal. The goalkeeper is still making
his way back onto the field of play. Should the goal be allowed to
count?
Answer 12: Yes: the attacking
team has committed no offence. The goal is valid. (But a more discerning
Referee will have noticed the position of the goalkeeper, and will delay
the throw-in until the goalkeeper is back in place. This is known as
Common Sense, and playing within the Spirit of the Game).
Question 13: Is it left to
the Referee's discretion to decide whether lost time (injuries or other
causes) is to be compensated for or not?
Answer 13: Not necessarily. The
Referee must aggregate all reasonable 'Allowance for time lost'
incidents during a game. However, the amount of such time is at the
discretion of the Referee.
Question 14: When is a
penalty-kick considered completed in the event of additional time being
extended at half-time or full-time to allow it to be taken, or in the
event of kicks being taken from the penalty-mark to determine the winner
of a match?
Answer 14: (FIFA).
There are three possible
situations:
The player taking the penalty,
kicks the ball which then:
-
1. Passes entirely over the goal line, between the goal posts and
beneath the crossbar.
- Goal, the
penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is over and therefore the
extended time also, if applicable.
-
Goes over the boundary line of the field of play, either passing the
goal line or over the top of the crossbar.
The penalty-kick (or kick from the penalty-mark) is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
-
2. The player taking the penalty, kicks the ball which, having rebounded
from either goal-post or the cross-bar,
Passes entirely over the goal line, between the goal posts and beneath
the crossbar.
- Goal, the penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is
over and therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
-
Passes beyond the field of play over the goal line or over the crossbar.
- The penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
Rebounds back into play.
- The penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
Rebounds back into play, hits the goalkeeper and passes entirely over
the goal line, between the goal posts and beneath the crossbar.
- Goal, the penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark is over
and therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
Rebounds into the field of play, hits the goalkeeper and passes beyond
the goal line or over the crossbar.
- The penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
-
A rebound back into the field of play, strikes the goalkeeper and
remains in the field of play.
- The penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
-
Bounces onto the goal-line, between the goal posts and beneath the
crossbar.
- The referee must wait until the ball's flight is finished and,
if it passes entirely over the-goal-line, between the goal-posts and
beneath the cross-bar, he shall allow the goal and terminate the
extended time, if applicable.
-
3. The player who is taking the penalty, kicks the ball, which is
touched or played by the goalkeeper.
Who holds it firmly?
- The penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable,
Who fails to prevent the ball from entirely passing over the goal line,
between the goal posts and beneath the crossbar?
- Goal, the penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is
over and therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
-
Who deflects it back into the field of play?
- The penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is over and
therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
-
Making the ball rebound from one of the goal posts or the crossbar hit
the goalkeeper and passes entirely over the goal-line, between the
goal-posts and beneath the cross-bar.
- Goal, the penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is
over and therefore the extended time also, if applicable, who allows it to roll under him and pass entirely over the goal-line,
between the goal-posts and beneath the cross-bar.
- Goal, the penalty-kick (or kicks from the penalty-mark) is
over and therefore the extended time also, if applicable.
Question 15: (From Karl Arps
Aug 2012)
In (Season 2001/2002) the National Federation of State High School
Associations (NFS) America has instituted a rule change to award
possession to the opponent if a team attempts a throw-in that fails to
enter the field of play (apparently a serious time-wasting trick at the
HS level). The advocates for this change argue that it saves Referees
from having to caution players for a 15-second delay technique.
Opponents argue that it is just a cover-up for poor Referee training and
assessment. When you complicate the Laws of the Game by getting very
specific regulations, you cannot think of everything, so you find you
have to add more and more rules to plug the leaks. (In fairness, it
probably is also a reaction to the American attitude that, if something
isn't specifically outlawed, it must be legal.) I hate to see different
associations take rules in different directions, because I believe it
weakens the International flavor of the game. I would like to hear what
others think, either regarding this individual rule or on the general
topic. The NFS provides rules for various competitive activities in
American schools for children aged 14 through 18. This includes
Association football (soccer) NFHS soccer rules web site:
http://www.nfhs.org/rules-soccer.htm
Note: This is NOT a
USA's National Association ruling, it emanates from the NFS and applies
strictly to schools.
Answer 15: Interesting point
from Karl. The NFS rule change to award possession to the opponent if a
team attempts a throw-in that fails to enter the field of play is
definitely against the FIFA Law 15 stipulations and understanding and is
against the 'spirit of the game'. This type of change to the Laws would
not be tolerated in England, At these young ages, it is more likely that
if the ball does not enter the field of play because of the lack of
skill, rather than an intentional act on the players part to not throw
the ball in correctly. There are many occasions where players delay the
taking of a throw-in to waste time, but time wasting by purposefully not
taking a throw-in correctly is never seen in English Football. But any
such time wasting techniques would simply be punished with a caution.
The Laws of Football are so finely tuned, that there is a grave danger
that if various Associations decide to tamper with the structure of the
Laws, they will become difficult for players to understand. The idea of
having a standard set of Laws is to allow players to build up good
practices to enable them to progress in the worldwide arena.
Question 16: What action
should the Referee take if when a penalty-kick is being taken, the ball
strikes the goal post and/or cross-bar and bursts?
Answer 16:
- (a) He should stop the game, asks for another ball and restart the
game by dropping the ball,
- (b) If the penalty-kick is being taken in additional time and the ball
strikes the goal-post and/or cross-bar and bursts, the game ends. (FIFA)
Question 17: If additional
time is allowed at the end of a half for a penalty-kick to be taken, may
a goalkeeper be replaced before the kick is taken?
Answer 17: (FIFA) Yes, he may
be replaced by another eligible player on the field or by a substitute
provided the number of substitutions is not been exceeded.
Question 18: During
additional time at the end of normal time for the taking of a
penalty-kick, the Referee signals for the kick to be taken but before
the ball is played a player encroaches into the penalty-area and the
ball enters the goal. Should the penalty-kick be retaken?
Answer 18: (FIFA)
- (a) If the infringing player belongs to the attacking team, the
Referee should disallow the goal, and have the penalty-kick retaken,
- (b) If the infringing player belongs to the defending team, the
Referee should terminate the match.
Question 19: If a
penalty-kick is awarded in additional time at the end of a half, does
the Referee have to indicate that normal time has been completed?
Answer 19: (FIFA). No, but he
may choose to advise the captains that the normal time has been completed.
Question 20: Is it true that
the Referee in the middle estimates the added-on time?
Answer 20: Allowance for time
lost - is the proper term. This the time aggregated on at the end of
each period of play to compensate for time wasted or lost because of
injuries, substitutions, time-wasting by players etc - this allowance
for time is at the discretion of the individual Referee and must be
included the end of each separate half concerned - and not totaled up to
be aggregated on at the end of the second half only.
Allowance is made in either of the half periods for all time lost
through:
Substitutions entering and leaving the field of play: assessment of
injury to players: removal of injured players from the field of play for
treatment: wasting time: and any other cause - such as crowd or
spectator trouble, having to discipline team officials, broken corner
flags, a dog on the pitch etc....... and if you are very lucky a
‘streakier’.
There are many ways that a Referee can aggregate the time lost. Some
start and stop their watches; some make a mental note of time lost. Some
Referees add 30 seconds for each substitution. Some as you suggest may
estimate the time.
The Referee is the sole timekeeper, and it is the Referee who decides
what to add on. There is no set method for this calculation. Maybe there
should be one.
Question 21: If a game is
23-0, can the Referee show a little bit of compassion and end the game
early to prevent any further embarrassment to the losing team?
Answer 21: Oh no!
You should never end a game early for the simple reason that the goals
scored in a fully competed game (as opposed to the goals scored in a
game ended prematurely) could have a disastrous effect on another team
in the same league. And by that, I mean that another team may lose or
win promotion, may get demoted or stay up because one game was never
played through to its proper end.
This is one instance, when although common sense sounds like a good idea
at the time, for the team’s involved, it may not go down too well with
any other teams’ effected - because an extra goal scored may have made
all the difference!
Law 7 is quite specific about the amount of time to be played, and it
can only be shortened with agreement of both teams and before play has
started and must comply with competition rules.
So no matter how you may feel, I would certainly not recommend doing it.
OK, “WE” are here for the PLAYERS... RIGHT!!!
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-= LAW - 7 – The Duration of the Match =-
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